الفهرس 
1. IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current investigation has been conducted to investigate the effect of loquat leaves and fruits on hypercholesterolemic rats.
Thirty-six white male albino rats weighting between 140–160g, were used in this study. Hyperlipidemic was induced in normal healthy albino rats by feeding rats the hyperlipidemic diet (basal diet with addition of 1.5% cholesterol and 10% animal fat and 0.02 % bile) for 3 weeks.
All rats were fed on basal diet for 7 days before the beginning of experiments for adaptation. The rats were divided in to 6 groups (6 rats in each group).
The groups of rats were as follows:
• group 1 (-ve): Fed on basal diet only, as negative control.
• group 2 (+ve): Hypercholesterolemic rats fed on basal diet.
• group (3): Hypercholesterolemic rats fed on basal diet + 4% loquat leaves.
• group (4): Hypercholesterolemic rats fed on basal diet + 7% loquat leaves.
• group (5): Hypercholesterolemic rats fed on basal diet + 4% loquat fruits.
• group (6): Hypercholesterolemic rats fed on basal diet + 7% loquat fruits.
At the end of experimental (28 days), the blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting and serum was separated for determination of:
Lipid profile serum (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDLc), low density lipoprotein (LDLc), very low density lipoprotein (VLDLc), Liver function (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphates (ALP), kidney function (urea, creatinine, uric acid), and glucose. At the same time, the organs: kidney and liver were removed, washed in saline solution, dried by filter paper, weighted, and stored frozen in formalin solution 10% for histopathological examinations.
Statistical analysis:
The data were statistically analyzed using a computerized costate program by one way ANOVA. The results are presented as mean± SD. Difference between treatments at (p≤0.05) were considered significant.
The results revealed the following:
1. Hypercholesterolemia raised check the BWG of rats which was lowered on feeding loquat leaves and fruits diets. Best treatment was group 6 (hypercholesterolemic rats fed on loquat fruits 7%).
2. Hypercholesterolemic diet raised pronounced significant of FI, which was reduced by feeding on loquat leaves and fruits, in particular basal diet with loquat leaves 7%.
3. Hypercholesterolemic rats showed decrease of FER compared to that of control (-) group. Best group was loquat leaves 4% compared with control (-) rats.
4. Liver weight increased due to hypercholesterolemia, and lowered when feeding on loquat leaves and fruits diets, in particular the 7% loquat leaves. As for liver, the weights of heart, kidney, lungs and spleen raised by hypercholesterolemia, while decreased by loquat leaves and fruits. Best sample for heart, lungs, kidney & spleen was the loquat leaves 7 % diet.
5. Hypercholesterolemia raised significantly the serum (TC) & TG, which were decreased when hypercholesterolemic rats fed on diet containing the loquat leaves and fruits. Best group was loquat leaves 7 %.
6. Hypercholesterolemic diet revealed significant reduction in serum HDL, which was raised when hypercholesterolemic rats fed loquat leaves and fruits diet. Highest increase of HDL was found in rats fed on the 7% loquat leaves and 7% loquat fruits, respectively.
7. LDL level and VLDL were increased markedly in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats. Feeding on loquat leaves and fruit reversed such a change. Best group was that of the loquat leaves 7%, showing lowest LDL and VLDL value compared with control (+) rats.
8. Hypercholesterolemia affected the kidneys function giving rise to serum urea, creatinine & uric acid while feeding on loquat leaves and fruits diets reversed this change. Best sample (lowest urea, creatinine & uric acid in serum) recorded for group 4 loquat leaves 7%.
9. Hypercholesterolemia was damaging to the liver function as indicated by the rise of GOT, GPT & ALP in control (+) group. Nevertheless feeding loquat leaves and fruits diets corrected the changes of GOT, GPT & ALP special loquat leaves 7%, compared to control (+) group.
10. Hypercholesterolemia raised appreciably the level of serum glucose, while feeding of hypercholesterolemic rats on loquat leaves and fruits diets lowered considerably the serum glucose, best treatment was that loquat leaves 7% as compared with control (+) group.