الفهرس 
Introduction and Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the present study, a solution for power and freshwater shortage is proposed especially for arid areas which has electricity lack and its water has high salinity and is not recommended for usage according to WHO (World Health Organization). In this system, the integration of a Photovoltaic thermal panel with a hybrid desalination system consisting of a small Reverse Osmosis desalination unit and a solar distiller was tested experimentally with solar energy as the main source of energy for preheating water. This research aimed to establish a system for arid areas for water and electricity production. Feed water preheating technique was adopted to improve the productivity of the hybrid desalination system. Also, cooling a PV panel was achieved by frontal and back water cooling to increase the efficiency of the panel. To benefit from the thermal energy gained by the PV cooling water, the PV cooling water was directed to the solar heater inlet to increase the thermal energy stored in the solar heater over the working period of the experiment. Two cases were tested to determine the location of the solar distiller to achieve the highest water productivity. For the Hybrid Solar Desalination System Integrated with Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors, the RO unit recovery rate increased from 26.7% to 39%, as well as the specific power consumption decreased from 0.639 to 0.394 kWh/m3 with increasing the temperatures of feed water from 25 to 45 ℃. Also, the effect of feed water flow rate on the RO unit performance was tested, it was shown that with increasing the rates of feed water from 280 to 430 L/h, the water recovery reduced from 56% to 29.1%, as well as the specific power consumption increased from 0.316 to 0.524 kWh/m3. Using the thermal recovery of the PV panel improved the electricity generation rate by 24.1% on average compared to conventional PV panel. The combination of the solar distiller with the RO desalination unit installed before the RO unit on the feed line (SD-FL) represented the best configuration which improved the distillate productivity by 98.32% as compared to the conventional solar distillers.