الفهرس 
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Abstract
A Cross-sectional study design carried out on 153 male and female patients (78 female,75 male) cephalometric x- ray obtained from Department of Orthodontics patient’s records, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt.The design and procedures of the present study was accomplished according to the research guidelines adopted by Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Dentistry. The sample size for this study was calculated statistically to de 153 cephalometric x ray for class I malocclusion angle classification. The present study was performed on selected cephalometric radiographs collected from patient record files and posing the following, The present study was performed on selected cephalometric radiographs collected from patient record files and posing the following, A-Inclusive criteria • Class I malocclusion (ANB 2-40) • Adult patients 17-22 years old. B-Exclusion criteria:• Absence of any craniofacial anomalies. • Absences of any previous orthodontic intervention. • Absences of any pathological problems effecting either teeth or jaws