الفهرس 
Title : Effect of interval training exercises on bone mineral density indices in elderly women
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Abstract
Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a silent disease in most cases, with no symptoms until fractures occur. Purpose: The current study was conducted to find out the efficacy of interval training on bone mineral density indices in elderly women. Material and methods: This study was conducted inEl Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Forty elderly women, their ages ranged from 60 to 70 years. These women were randomly subdivided into two equal groups in number: group (A) (Exercise Group): perform treadmill interval aerobic exercise, 3 times / week for 12 weeks, for 30 - 40 minutes. At each session, general flexibility exercises were performed at a lower training intensity, to ensure adequate warm-up, followed by 30 minutes of moderate intensity interval exercise (50 - 70%maxHR). Workloads were interchanged within 2 min. group (B) (Control Group): did not receive any form of physical therapy intervention, but was instructed and encouraged to be remaining active. Main outcomes that are measured was T score obtained from DEXA and blood levels of vitamin D and estrogen. Results: Both exercise and control groups recorded statistically significant differences after treatment those represent obvious improvements, but exercise group revealed more improvements regarding post treatment values and changes in T score, Vitamin-D and estrogen levels ([-1.67±0.11&↑-17.33%], [17.235±1.99&↑18.45%] and [29.87±4.85” & ↑22.32%]) respectively. Conclusion: Interval training has an effect on bone mineral density indices in elderly women