الفهرس 
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Abstract
English Summary
This thesis focuses on the following points:
Synthesis and characterization of a microporous zeolite mixture containing Merlionite (zeolite-W), Epistilbite (Epi), Zeolite-X(ZX), and Analcime (ANA) zeolite phases from an inexpensive Egyptian natural resource (alkali-andesitic volcanic rock) using a simple hydrothermal technique, and application of the zeolitic product to a synthetic simulated contaminated water sample using different dyes and salts (Malachite green and Methylene blue). Obtaining optimal parameters for the removal process, such as pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, ionic strength, and temperature, as well as kinetics and thermodynamics for the adsorption procedure. Finding the best-fitting isotherm model (Langmuir, Frendlish, and Dubinin–Radushkevich) is also essential.
The present study is divided into three chapters: Chapter (І) Introduction and literature review, chapter (ІІ) Materials and methods and chapter (ІII) Results and discussion.
The first chapter is divided into two sections: introduction and literature review. The chapter provided detailed information and previous studies findings regarding the water pollution crisis and its impact on human health, as well as classification, impacts, and removal procedures for the principal contaminant (dyes). The main categories of zeolites include natural, synthetic and different types of Zeolites, its synthesis and application in the removal of MG targeted dyes and other contaminants and the synthesized zeolite mixture (ZM) and its effectiveness as a low-cost, ecofriendly, high-ion exchange capacity, and high-porosity adsorbent. As well as adsorption mechanism and fundamental awareness of the factors that influence adsorption were briefly illustrated in the literature review as (pH, adsorbent dose, dye concentration, contact time, temperature and ionic strength).
Chapter (Ш) ”Material and methods” that partitioned into: The natural and modifying chemical materials to be used in this study for zeolite preparation and dye removal application, methods exhibited to prepare zeolite mixture powder and the scientific procedures were applied to prepare the adsorption batches for dye elimination processing, the characterization techniques which included four approaches were used to accomplish this characterization: (1) X-Ray Fluorescence testing, (2) Scanning Electron Microscopy, (3) Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, and (4) X-Ray Diffraction. The instruments were utilized to identify the synthetic product and measuring the efficiency of the product in the pollutant adsorption and eventually, theoretical and practical adsorption batch experiments.
Chapter (III) ”Results and discussion” This chapter is divided into two main sections. (1)The characterization results, which may also be classified into characterization results of the starting material ”alkali-andesitic volcanic rock” and results of synthesized ZM. (2) The results of the batch adsorption technique, including malachite green and methylene blue dye results as; the effects of pH, zeolite dose, initial dye concentration, agitation time, temperature, ionic strength, kinetic and isotherm findings and these results could be summarized as;
The removal of MG and MB was improved by increasing the pH and the optimum pH value was 7. As adsorbent dose increased, the removal increased and the optimum ZM dose was 0.2 g/50 mL for both dyes. The removal efficiency decreased by dye concentration increase, the optimum initial dye dose was 800 mg/L and 150 mg/L while the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 91.66 mg/g and 8.2 mg/g, respectively. The removal has been increased with ionic strength and by time, and the optimum contact time is 150 and 120 min respectively. Both dyes adsorption over ZM is best fitted with pseudo-second-order with R2=0.9956 and R2=0.9995, respectively, as it also has been fitted with Langmuir isotherm model with R2= 0.9705 and R2= 0.9986, which means that ZM surface is homogenous (monolayer coverage). The adsorption of MG over ZM is a physical process, spontaneous and endothermic.