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Abstract
Background: Cardiac catheterization procedure is one of most crucial method to assess and manage coronary artery diseases, Although it has reduced morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease, this invasive procedure is not free of complications These complications decrease patients’ satisfaction and outcomes Aim: The aim of the study was first; to identify the incidence of vascular complications among patients undergoing cardiac catheterization procedure. Second; to identify the risk factors that place patients at greater risk of developing vascular complications post cardiac catheterization procedures. Research questions: two research questions were formulated; Q1: What is the incidence of minor and major vascular complications post cardiac catheterization and therapeutic procedures? Q2: What are the common risk factors place patients at greater risk of developing vascular complications post cardiac catheterization procedures? Research design: A descriptive exploratory design was utilized in this study. Sample: A conveniece sample of 100 patients who undergoing cardiac catheterization over a period of three months via femoral artery access was included in this study. Setting: Cardiac Catheterization Unit at Critical Care Medicine Department affiliated to Cairo university hospitals. Tools: two tools were utilized as follows; (1) Ptient{u2019}s Demographic and Medical data assessment tool, (2) Vascular Complication assessment tool. Result: Analysis of data related to incidence of minor vascular complications revealed that 10 % of the studied subjects had femoral oozing before sheath removal, while 20 % developed femoral oozing and 12 % had femoral Ecchymosis after sheath removal. Regarding the incidence of major vascular complications; 22%of the studied subjects had a femoral hematoma after sheath removal. The factors that place patients at greater risk of developing vascular complications were; old age, female gender, illiteracy, non ST elevation myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome