الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 203 |  |  |
| | | from | 203 | | |
Abstract
Rumex nervosus Vahl. is a perennial herb distributed in Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya and Tanzania. This study includes botanical study on the root, stem and leaf of Rumex nervosus Vahl., biological and phytochemical studies on the aerial parts of the plant. The ethanolic extract (70%) showed potent cytotoxic activity against colon and skin carcinoma cell lines, moderate activity against breast and intestinal carcinoma cell lines and In the normal fibroblast cells were affected to a much lesser extent. Petroleum ether, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of the aerial parts showed moderate anti-bacterial activity against both Gram +ve and Gram {u2013}ve bacteria when compared to ampicillin as standard. The ethanolic extract (70%) and its fractions (ethyl acetate and n-butanol) significantly inhibited the activity of DPPH radicals in a dose-dependent manner, the most potent was the ethyl acetate fraction followed by the ethanolic extract (70%). The ethanolic extract (70%) and its fractions (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.wt. compared to indomethacin (20 mg/kg b.wt.), after 4 hr. the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity followed by the ethanolic extract (70%). The ethanolic extract (70%) and its fractions (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) exhibited significant antioxidant activity (in-vivo) as the level of blood glutathione in diabetic rats was restored after the oral administration (100mg/kg b.wt.) of them. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity followed by the ethanolic extract (70%) compared to vitamin E (7.5mg/kg b.wt.). Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction lead to isolation and identification of five phenolic compounds (kaempferol, quercetin, gallic acid, hyperoside and quercetin 3-O-(6{uF0A2}{uF0A2}-acetyl)-galactoside) isolated for the first time from Rumex nervosus Vahl. Total flavonoidal content of the aerial parts was 19.63 mg QE/g dry powder whereas, total phenolic content was 39.28mg GAE/g dry powder. HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of the plant lead to the identification and quantification of twenty four phenolic compounds: ten flavonoids among which hesperidin and quercetin were the major compounds and twelve phenolic acids among which gallic acid was the major followed by p-hydoxy benzoic acid