الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This study investigates the efficacy of idebenone, carnosine and vitamin E in ameliorating some of the biochemical indices induced in the liver of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) intoxicated mice. Nano-anatase TiO₂ (21nm) was administered as a daily oral dose of 150 mg/kg for 2 weeks followed by the aforementioned antioxidants, either alone or in combination, for 1month. TiO₂ NPs significantly increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Marked increments in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NOx) levels along with a reduction of reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were evidenced. TiO₂ NPs triggered an inflammatory response in the liver by enhancing tumor necrosis factor-Ü (TNF-Ü) and interleukin -6 (IL-6) levels. The mRNA expression of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-КB) and Bax was up-regulated, whereas that of Bcl-2 was down-regulated. A significant alteration in the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-Ý1) and Smad-2, as well as vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) was also evidenced. Additionally, these NPs effectively activated caspase-3 and caused liver DNA damage. Oral administration of idebenone (200 mg/kg), carnosine (200 mg/kg) and vitamin E (100 mg/kg) alleviated the hazards of TiO2 NPs with the combination regimen showing a relatively higher effect. The histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations reinforced these results. The study highlights the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potentials of these antioxidants against TiO₂ NPs- induced liver toxicity