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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension, and is associated with type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Feeding rats with fructose enriched diet (FED) used for induction of MS as an animal model. In this study, the effects of insulin and piolitazone and certain micronutrients (chromium and zinc) as well as some antioxidants (alpha lipoic acid and taurine) were evaluated in FED feed rats. In addition, the effects of co- administration of insulin or pioglitazone with each of the chosen dietary supplements were also studied. Animals were divided into sixteen groups (eight rats each). group (1) received saline and served as normal control group. group (2 - 16) were fed on FED for (18) weeks. group (2) received normal saline and served as FED control group. Groups (3-8) were treated with insulin (4U / Kg, s.c.), pioglitazone (7 mg / kg, p.o.), alpha lipoic acid (600 mg / kg, p.o.), taurine (600 mg / kg, p.o.), zinc lactate (100 mg / kg, p.o.) and chromium picolinate (500 mg / kg, p.o.). Groups (9-11) were treated with insulin together with alpha lipoic acid, zinc lactate, chromium picolinate or taurine. Groups (13 - 16) were treated with pioglitazone together with chromium picolinate, zinc lactate, alpha lipoic acid or taurine. All treatments started at the beginning of the 13th week and continued till the end of the experiment. Blood samples were collected to assess the chosen biochemical parameters. Feeding with FED for (12) weeks showed significant elevation in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels with marked increase in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level together with significant reduction in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. In addition, there was significant elevation in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C), triglycerides (TGs) and total cholesterol (TC) along with marked reduction in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL - C).