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Abstract
The novel properties of NPs have been introduced in a wide range of potential applications in medicine, cosmetics, renewable energies, environmental remediation and biomedical devices. Among them, silver nanoparticles (Ag - NPs ) have attracted increasing interest due to their unique physical, chemical and biological properties compared to their macro scaled counterparts. The pharmacotoxicological effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs remain a controversial point of research concerning the risk benefit ratio of their use alone and in combination with gmma irradiation. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacotoxicological effect of AgNPs in normal and whole body gamma irradiated (4Gy) animals aiming to simulate the effect of exposing human to AgNPs alone and in combination with irradiation. In order to achieve the goal of the present study LD50 of AgNPs were determined to estimate the lethality and acute toxic effects of AgNPs in normal and irradiated (4Gy) mice followed by subchronic study in rats based on the use of 1 / 10 LD50 orally for 28 days in normal and irradiated (4Gy) rats. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase GGT were measured to evaluate liver function. Creatninine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured to evaluate kidney functions in rats. Oxidative stress biomarkers liver lipid peroxidation (MDA) tissue content, blood glutathione (GSH) and serum nitric oxide (NO) were assessed. Serum tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF - Ü ), serum c reactive protein (C-RP) and DNA fragmentation in liver were also estimated. Change in body weight during the study was carried out weekly. Liver , kidney, lung and testis were selected for several investigations organ weight/ body weight ratio, histopathological study, distribution of Ag, and the change in essential elements and trace elements - iron Fe, copper Cu, zinc Zn, magnesium Mg, calcium Ca and manganese Mn in the cells