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Abstract
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are mainly present in plants and function to inhibit protein synthesis. Luffa aegyptiaca is a popular climbing herb endemic in Egypt. Their fruits have a distinct morphological pattern differ from the other species. Numerous papers have been published on the isolation of ribosome inactivating proteins from Luffa aegyptiaca. In this study, we examined type I RIP (luffin) present in Luffa aegyptiaca, at a biochemical and molecular levels. In addition, we studied the genetic diversity among Luffa landraces collected from different districts in Egypt. The results obtained from DNA fingerprinting revealed that there are polymorphic loci with average percentage of 44.6% among collected landraces whereas polymorphic loci obtained from SDS-PAGE were 23%. Luffin gene expression was found to be strongly expressed in cotyledonary leaves and stem more than other tissues. The purified luffin had a cytotoxic effect on Hep-G2 cells with IC equal 41.3 æg/ml slightly higher than that on MCF-7 with IC₅₀ equal 51.1 æg/ml2