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Abstract
Chronic hepatitis-C-virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of end-stage liver disease worldwide. It has been shown that Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) plays an important role in chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancies and its eradication has been advocated. Many international studies have shown that there is an association between H.pylori infection and hepatitis B and C infections. They suggested that gastric Helicobacter colonization may play a role in the induction of Hepatocellular carcinoma, either directly via colonization of the liver or indirectly, e.g: via secretion of specific toxins by helicobacter residing in the stomach. Further studies answered the question wether there is a true localization of the liver or only detectable bacterial D.N.A by concluding that culture is the ultimate test, as it provides the viability of Helicobacter species in the liver samples