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Abstract
The investigations were conducted in Tissue Culture and Germplasm Conservation Research laboratory-Horticulture Research Institut-Agriculture Research Center-Giza , Egypt in cooperation with Agriculture Faculty-Cairo University during the years of 2013-2015.Explants sterilized significant successfully were by 15% Clorox for 15% min.; 3/4 Ms gave the better callus, shootlets and leaves production, while 1/4 achieved the best rooting. Ms with 0.4 -0.6 mg/l BAP or kinetin enhanced significantly the survival %, shootlets, roots and leaves growth. Ms with 5 or 10 mM 2,4-D and 1 mM BAP gave the better significantly embryogenic callus and growth of shootlets, roots and leaves.Adding 10-20 cm3 of tomato juice and 18 cm3 of carrot juice beside 0.8 mg/l BAP increased the embryogenesis and embryos growth. Artificial seeds of somatic embryos in vitro grown grapevine (Vitis rotundifolia L.) Freedom rootstock were successfully produced by using encapsulation and dehydration procedure. Torpedo phase of Somatic embryos were selected by tissue sieve in instrument and encapsulated in Na-alginate beads pre-culturing on MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.4 mg/l) for 28 days at 25{u00B0}C. Encapsulated somatic embryos were then dehydrated by incubating in the sterile air flow of a laminar air-flow cabinet, CaCl2 and silica gel for 30, 60, 90,120,150, 180 and 210 min and immediately cultured on MS medium. After dehydration treatments survival percentage (%), fresh weight, dry weight, TSS and osmotic potential were determined. The highest survival % (84.96 and 65.75) were obtained by airflow dehydration after 30 min duration for encapsulated and non-encapsulated somatic embryos, respectively