الفهرس 
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Abstract
Live lyophilized vaccines are widely used to control the infectious diseases. Lyophilization or freeze drying is an important step during manufacture of live vaccine and it may lead to loss of virus titer after vaccine reconstitution consequently decreasing efficacy of vaccine. So, to protect the infectivity titer of the virus from freeze drying stress, good stabilizers must be added.
For the lyophilization of viral vaccines, many stabilizers are employed. In the current study, three different stabilizers [dried skimmed milk (DSM), lactalbumin hydrolysate-sucrose (LS) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)] were chosen to be compared for their effectiveness in protecting and preserving the live lentogenic NDV LaSota strain and in producing three different types of freeze-dried vaccines using them. These three live lentogenic NDV LaSota vaccines were then assessed, and it was determined that they were sterile and safe through the application of quality control tests.
After lyophilization, it was found that LS stabilizer was the most protective to the live NDV LaSota strain reducing its infectivity by 0.27 log10 EID50 only, while losses detected of EID50 of DSM and PVP stabilizers was 0.66 and 1.16 log10 respectively. Live vaccines are commonly used in poultry industry not adjuvanted. The Montanide™ adjuvants is a vaccine adjuvant used, in combination with antigens, at industrial scale of all farm animal models and it is a nanoparticles adjuvant suitable for mass vaccination used in intensive poultry industry.