الفهرس 
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Abstract
Oral ulcer is a painful sore which occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. It is a relatively common finding in dental practice with wide reported prevalence.
The ulcers are unavoidable and therapy is symptomatic, there is no specific treatment for ulcers, and management strategies depend on the symptoms, duration, and severity.
There is no single treatment available which has uniformly effective in mucositis management, it is important to explore a spectrum of therapies to validate a definitive treatment strategy.
The goals of chemically-induced mucositis management are to prevent or reduce the severity and duration of oral ulcers and to manage the associated symptoms. Mucositis management allows the continued delivery of treatment without interruption or dose reduction leading to improvement of overall prognosis. But unfortunately there is no standard protocol that is used to completely cure oral mucositis.
The First choice for treatment of ulcers is the topical agents because they are cheap, effective and safe.
Topical analgesic/anti-inflammatory spray and rinses such as Benzydamine hydrochloride (BBC) can be utilized to alleviate discomfort in stomatitis due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anesthetic activity.
Nowadays herbal products are a subject of interest as a potentially revolutionary new way to treat disease and injuries, with wide- ranging medical benefits as wound healing, ulcer treatment and management of side effects of chemical burns.
Summary
So the aim of this study was to evaluating the effect of natural product represented by Ginger Oil for healing induced ulcers in Albino rat′s buccal mucosa. It also aimed to compare the obtained effects collectively with that of marketed product; Benzydamine HCL spray (BBC, synthetic thestic product) and Propolis sprays. Topical application of Benzydamine, Propolis and Ginger sprays on formocrsol-induced mucositis in rats.
Material and Methods:
Forty eight adult male albino rats weighing 200-250 grams were used in the present study. Rats were managed according to the ethical committee rules- Ain Shams University.
For the Ulcer induction, all the animals were subjected to ftormocresol- induced ulcers in the left buccal mucosa by topical application of a number 4 pellet soaked in full strength Formcresol 3 times daily for 3 days. Ibuprofen at a dose of 15mg/kg (235 ml in 500ml water) was used as a pain killer in this research.
All rats were subjected to induced mucositis except control -ve group.
(Benzydamine HCL) is a marketed synthetic drug purchased as BBC® spray from El-Ezaby pharmacy. While Propolis extract is a marketed product purchased from Comvita USA online website, Ginger extract is prepared with the recommended concentration at the National Research Center, Pharmacognosy Department.
Rats were divided into 4 groups (3 experimental and 1 control):
Control (-ve): (n=6) Rats weren’t subjected to induced mucositis.
group 1 (control +ve group):(n=6) Rats were exposed to stomatitis
induction only, without any intervention.
group 2: (n=12) Rat’s buccal mucosa treated by BBC® oral spray.
Summary
group 3: (n=12) Rat’s buccal mucosa treated by Propolis® oral spray.
group 4: (n=12) Rat’s buccal mucosa treated by Ginger oil.
Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the time of sacrifice as follows:
Subgroup A: 1A, 2A, 3A and 4A (6 rats from each major group were
sacrificed at day 7).
Subgroup B: 1B, 2B, 3B and 4B (6 rats from each major group were sacrificed at day 10).
At the end of the experiment, each rat was anesthetized then sacrificed separately by overdose anesthesia.
The left buccal mucosa specimens were processed and examined by the light microscope and Immunohistochemical profile using PCNA staining. Statistical analysis were carried out for (+ve) immunohistochemical stained surface areas to detect differences between groups.
Routine histological examination and immunohistochemical profile using PCNA stain were performed to investigate the curative effect of different sprays.
Results
Histological examination of buccal mucosa of the animals revealed that, subgroup 1 was the superior in the tissues regeneration at day 7 and day 10. On the other hand, subgroup 3A was the worst group in the tissue healing followed by subgroup 2A and subgroup 4A at day 7. Finally at day 10 subgroup 4B showed better improvement than other groups as ulcers were almost completely closed and the inflammatory cells markedly decreased.
The statistical results of Immunohistochemical stain at day 10 revealed that, the mean values of PCNA stain of experimental groups (gr. 2B, 3B)
only showed a significant decrease than that of the control group (gr. 1B) which indicated no improvement in these groups. While experimental group 4B showed a non-significant decrease in mean values than that of the control group (gr. 1B) which indicated better improvement in this group than the other groups.
from the present study we concluded that, topical application of Ginger oil sprays after stomatitis induction in rats leads to improvement in ulcer recovery, accelerate healing of buccal mucosa, restoring normal tissue architecture and color. While topical application of Benzamide HCL or Propolis extract oral sprays to treat forrmocresol-induced stomatitis has approximately same curative effects with significant improvement in ulcer healing duration in Propolis groups.