الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Obesity is a rapidly growing health problem worldwide and is negatively affecting the quality and duration of life. The prevalence of obesity is more than doubled between 1980 and 2022. Moreover, the economic costs of obesity in developed countries are between 2 and 7% of the total health costs, which represents a significant expenditure of national health-care budgets.
Laparoscopic bariatric surgery is currently considered the most effective treatment option for morbid obesity; it results in greater improvement in weight loss outcomes and obesity-related comorbidities when compared with non-surgical interventions. LSG gained ever-increasing popularity as, it is a successful, safe, and simple method for the treatment of obesity.
Several haemodynamic changes occur during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), especially, following pneumoperitoneum which is associated with systemic absorption of CO2 that can lead to hypercapnia and acidosis. In addition, increased intra-abdominal pressure and reverse Trendelenburg position may impede venous return and decrease cardiac function. Also, it enhances venous stasis, reduces intra-operative portal venous blood flow, decreases intra-operative urinary output, lowers respiratory compliance, and increases airway pressure.
Enhanced recovery after bariatric surgeries may confer several benefits. Such patients may be at risk of airway complications, sleep apnea, and hypoxia during the early recovery period. Faster emergence, extubation with a secure airway, and maintenance of spontaneous ventilation might be predicted to benefit recovery and patient comfort. A decreased time spent in the OR and quicker turnover of the OR may decrease cost.