الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
H yperbilirubinemia is one of the common problems in the neonatal period, it represents 36.8 % of cases of admission in neonatal care unit. nearly 60 % of term newborn become visibly jaundiced in the first week of life. In most of cases, its
benign and no intervention is required. In approximately 5 -10 % of them have clinically significant hyperbilirubinemia in whom the use of phototherapy become mandatory. According to our local guidelines, total serum bilirubin (TSB) values have to be estimated in every newborn with yellow discoloration between the “nipple line and the umbilicus” or below, in order to safely decide a care plan.
Phototherapy plays a significant role in the treatment and prevention of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. However, this treatment modality may result in the development of some complications such as loose stool, hyperthermia, dehydration, fluid loss, skin burn, photo-rhinitis, increase red cell osmotic fragility, bronze baby syndrome, riboflavin deficiency, DNA damage, a lesser-known side effect, potentially complication of phototherapy is hypocalcemia.
Since neonatal jaundice represents major conflict and often associated with neonatal complications, determining the incidence of hypocalcemia and thrombocytopenia after initiation of phototherapy in treatment of neonatal jaundice was highlighted as a main point of interest.
In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium level and platelet count in neonatal jaundice.
This cross-section study was conducted at tertiary care hospital at Beni-Suef governorate hospitals from June 2021 till January 2022 and performed on total 100 cases of full-term with clinical jaundice who received phototherapy for treatment of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia.
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Summary
The current study revealed that Jitteriness was the most common clinical manifestation in our study (33%) and there were statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding laboratory data at admission and at discharge (Platelets, hematocrit, total, direct and indirect bilirubin and total Ca) which showed significant decreased levels of these laboratory data after phototherapy.
Our study results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the patients delivered by NVD and CS regarding phototherapy duration and laboratory data at admission and at discharge after discontinuation of the treatment (p value<0.05) except indirect bilirubin which is statistically significant higher in patients delivered by NVD at admission (p values = 0.006).
Consequently, laboratory data percent change occurred significantly in indirect bilirubin after phototherapy.
As a result, prolonged phototherapy duration is significantly associated with transient decrease in total Ca, Platelets at discharge.
We concluded that Jitteriness was the most common clinical manifestation and Phototherapy can significantly decrease the levels of calcium and platelets counts in jaundiced infants undergoing phototherapy for 48 hours.
Platelets Count decrease after Phototherapy is transient, with no statistically significant differences at discharge after discontinuation of the treatment.
Being transient and subclinical, extensive investigations for thrombocytopenia following phototherapy may be delayed in these neonates.