الفهرس 
Thyroid Gland AnatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
These less invasive procedures do not exclude thyroid surgery. An endoscopic thyroidectomy (ET) procedure may be performed using many methods ranging from completely endoscopic, video-aided trans-axillary, and chest wall approaches.
Thyroid surgery usually entails a transverse incision in the lower anterior neck for treatment. As a result of this open approach, the thyroid gland may be safely dissected for most surgical procedures. In the hands of skilled surgeons, this procedure has shown to be safe and effective, but it leaves a conspicuous scar on the neck, which is one of the most visible parts of the body. One unfortunate consequence of this kind of surgical incision is a permanent scar that often leads to symptoms such as neck pain, paresthesia, and self-consciousness.
The benefits of minimally invasive surgery in other parts of the body have been well demonstrated. For example, greater cosmesis and enhanced vision using video magnification have led to a rise in the utilisation of an endoscopic method for thyroid and parathyroid gland approaches..
Pure endoscopic methods and endoscopic aided procedures are two subcategories of endoscopic neck treatments. Direct and indirect approaches to pure endoscopic operations might be further subdivided. To get to the gland’s target location, the direct endoscopic procedure uses as little tissue disturbance as possible. Visualization from an open method is comparable to that of a direct approach since it shows the anatomy similarly. A more unusual lateral perspective of the anatomy is provided by the axillary approach than by the direct technique, which uses a location other than the target region, such the axilla or chest wall.
The purpose of this research is to determine the safety and efficacy of a novel video aided trans axillary thyroidectomy procedure.
The study’s findings showed that:
Age varied from 20 to 57 years, and the mean SD was 37.60 11.59 years, and the MBI ranged from 20 to 37 years, and the mean SD was 29.17 4.62 kg/m2. The gender was distributed as 3(10 percent) men, 27(90 percent) females, where females were more prominent. There were 12 patients with hypertension (40 percent) and 9 individuals with diabetes (30 percent). A total of 83.80 minutes and an SD of 25.00 cents were recorded for the operative time of patients who underwent left hemithyroidectomy in 9 (30% of patients) and right hemithyroidectomy in 21 (70%); the blood loss ranged from 14 to 25 ml and an SD of 18.93 centimetres; and the incision size ranged from 4.2 to 6 cm and an SD of 4.86 centimetres. The majority of patients had multi-nodular goitre, with 14 (46.7 percent) having it, compared to 16 (53.3%), who had solitary thyroid nodules. The surgical margin was negative in all patients, and the hospital stay varied from 1 to 2 days and the mean SD was 1.28 0.43. One (3.3%) patient had a recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and three (10) patients experienced a transitory voice change. There was no significant organ harm, conversion, haemorrhage, or requirement for ICU care in any of these instances.
Based on these findings, we urge more investigations on bigger patients and a longer follow-up time to substantiate these findings.