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Abstract
Caudal block remains fundamental in pediatric anesthetic practice. It is very useful in a wide range of surgical procedures and has proved to have a remarkable safety record, hence, it is considered as the single most important pediatric regional anesthetic technique. Prolongation of caudal analgesia using single-shot technique has been achieved by the addition of various adjuvants such as opioids, which significantly prolonging the duration of the block, but was associated with several side effects especially respiratory depression