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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of total parenteral nutrition associated liver diseasesin neonates and to develop a possible predictive model for the contributing risk factors. Study design: A cohort retrospective study conducted on 100 neonates, preterm and full term, medical and surgical cases, admitted to neonatal intensive care units of Cairo university children teaching hospitals. All neonates received TPN for {u2265}14 days. A review of medical records of all studied neonates including full history, clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, imaging, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) calculations was carried out initially on admission and weekly after. Results: This study included 54 females and 46 males, with a mean gestational age of 34.76±3.37wks, a mean body weight of 2.19±0.74kgs on admission, a mean TPN durationof19.15±3.9 days. 36% of the studied cases developed parenteral nutrition associated liver disease (PNALD); to its prevalence multiple risk factors could be recognized. There was statistical significance for TPN duration, TPN compositions, feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, short bowel syndrome, sepsis, and the number of episodes as major contributors. Conclusion: PNALD has emerged as one of the most important complications of TPN use in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with obscure etiology, multiple risk factors, little preventive and no definite therapeutic options