الفهرس 
Title : Impact of ankle foot orthoses versus knee ankle foot orthoses in controlling spasticity in diplegic children
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Abstract
Background: Calf muscle contracture is one of the most common symptoms occur in children with spastic diaplegia. Sustained muscle stretch, imposed by orthotic management in rest, might be an effective method of controlling spasticity. Purpose: of this study was to compare the effect of ankle foot orthoses and knee ankle foot orthoses on calf muscle spasticity in children with spastic diaplegia cerebral palsy in rest. Methods: A single blind randomized controlled trial will be performed in 19 children from both sex with spastic diplegia their age ranged from 3-5 years. The intensity of spasticity was determined by using Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and for the objective measurement of degree of spasticity, Hoffman reflex (H) and Hoffman reflex/motor response (H/M) ratios were used. Children were assessed before and after wearing each type of orthoses for one hour day after day. Results: showed significant changes in all measured variables as a result of wearing AFO and KAFO and there was significant decrease NH/M ratio in girls compared with boys in AFO & KAFO Also results proved that KAFO was more effective than AFO. Conclusion: KAFO allowed more effect on spastic calf muscle more than AFO in rest. The KAFO orthoses provided more stretch on spastic calf muscle than AFO due to it put knee in extended position