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Abstract
The use of the older generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy and lactation is known to be associated with increased risk of birth defects in the offspring. Much less has been known about newer generation AEDs to which oxcarbazepine (OXC) belongs. OXC is abroad spectrum antiepileptic drug which is currently licensed worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the teratogenic effects of oxcarbazepine on fetuses and neonates of albino rats. Pregnant albino rats (Rattusnorvegicus) were administrated daily oral dose of 108mg/kg from the 7th day of gestation till end of lactation. The animals were sacrificed at 20th day of gestation and during lactation. Fetuses were removed from the uterus and evaluated for mortality rate, growth parameters, morphological and skeletal malformations as well as histological study of brain, liver and kidney. The data revealed that fetal and neonatal weights were not significantly reduced in the treated groups. Resorption rates were significantly increased. It was found that mild degenerative changes were observed in the liver, kidney as well as the brain following OXC administration. Biochemical studies showed that Fetuses and neonates exposed to 108 mg/kg oxcarbazepine showed no significant reduction in the level GSH and catalase compared to control group. Thus administration of OXC during pregnancy and lactation should only be considered if the expected benefit to the mother is greater than any possible risk to the fetus