الفهرس 
Study of the effect of intravenous hyoscinebutylbromide injection on the duration and progress of first stage of labour in primigavidae
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Abstract
Labour is a physiologic process that results in expulsion of the products of conception outside the uterus throughout 3 stages. It is achieved with changes in the biochemical connective tissue and with gradual effacement and dilatation of the uterine cervix as a result of rhythmic uterine contractions of sufficient frequency, intensity, and duration. Labour onset is a self-diagnosis, and women vary in their recognition of and response to painful contractions. As such, the duration of the latent phase is particularly difficult to quantify. Therefore, cervical dilatation on admission to the hospital is often used as first data point. The principle of active management of labour was introduced in Dublin to shorten the length of labour while achieving or maintaining a low rate of caesarean delivery. The active management of labour refers to active control, rather than passive observation over the course of labour by the obstetric provider. Hyoscine butylbromide (HBB) belongs to the parasympatholytic group of drugs and is a semisynthetic derivative of scopolamine. It is a quaternary ammoniu m derivative, which exerts a spasmolytic action on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal, biliary, and genitourinary tracts. It acts primarily by blocking the transmission of neural impulses in the intra-neural parasympathetic ganglia of abdominal organs, apparently inhibiting cholinergic transmission in the synapses of the abdominal and pelvic parasympathetic ganglia, thus relieving spasms in the smooth muscles of gastrointestinal, biliary, urinary III tract, and female genital organs, especially the cervico-uterine plexus, thus aiding cervical dilatation