الفهرس 
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has become one of the most common and persistent bacterial infections worldwide. H. pylori is associated with peptic ulcer ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and stomach cancer. Infections account for a major cause of death throughout the developing world. This is mainly due to the emergence of newer infectious agents and more specifically due to the appearance of antimicrobial resistance. With time, the bacteria have become smarter and along with it, massive imprudent usage of antibiotics in clinical practice has resulted in resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial agents. Various diagnostic methods exist Infection detection and method selection or Another depends on several factors such as B. accessibility, strengths and weaknesses of each method, cost, and patient age. One round of H. pylori infection Diagnosed; clinician decides whether to administer treatment Necessary according to the patient’s medical condition. pylori eradication is usually recommended. Treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. cure rate Standard triple therapy includes acceptable and effective quadruple therapy, sequential therapy, Adjuvant therapy was introduced as a key Alternatives to treatment for H. pylori infection. In this work Review the main diagnostic methods used for identification Confirm H. pylori infection and confirm eradication of infection. In addition, important factors related to treatment and the mechanism of action and resistance development in commonly used antimicrobials are reviewed.