الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study was conducted at El-SerwWaterfowls Research Station,Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Damietta,Egypt, in collaboration with Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt.
The sugar cane vinegar 5% concentrate was purchased from a localcompany, Egypt. It was considered as a stock solution in this experiment. Thesolutions were freshly prepared using distilled water. 10, 20 and 30 ml from theprevious solution were diluted with 990, 980 and 970 ml of distilled water toprepare 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% of SV solutions, respectively.
A total number of 1560 fertile Sudani duck(is a native bird of Egypt)eggswere weighted around 64 ±1g and distributed according to randomized block
experimental design in a (5 × 4) factorial arrangement, consistingof negative andpositive control groups and three different SV solution concentrates; the 1stgroupwithout any treatment and served as a control (C), the 2ndgroup was dipped intodistilled water as a vehicle or positive control (SV1). The 3rdgroup (SV2), the 4thgroup (SV3) and the 5th(SV4) group were dippedinto0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% ofSV solutions, respectively, at four time of eggs dipping “embryonic ages” at thedaythe10th(T10), day 17th(T17), day 24th(T24) and day 31stof incubation (T31)totaling twenty groups with three replicates of (26 eggs of each). The eggs put inperforated plastic baskets and submerged in a larger metal container in which theprepared liquid, which has a temperature of 35°C. Egg dipping time was3 minutes.
At hatch, blood samples were randomly collected from six ducklings pertreatment during slaughter in two separate tubes.
After the quality sorting, a total number of300unsexed healthy ducklingsone day-old produced from them were transported to a private farm, located inHajaja village, Faraskur, Damietta Governorate, Egypt.