الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Polymers are macromolecules of high molecular weight consist of many reapting units called monomers
which are connected together by strong covalent bonds.Polymers may be naturally exist in plants and animals(
natural polymers) or may be man_made (synthetic polymers).The presence of intermolecular forces such as
dispersion forces , dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding in polymers is one of the principle factors of
the special properties.Due to its unique physical and chemical properties and many are cheap ,Polymers have
been the backbone for the development of new formulations for past few years.Polymers can be characterized by many methods: spectroscopic methods to identify the type of polymer
through identifying the functional groups , thermal analysis through Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)
to measure the Tg , melting and crystallization which are specific for each polymer , thermogravimetric
analysis to measure composition of polymer , X-ray diffraction to determine crystal structure of polymer and
average molecular weights because the length of chain determines the solubility , elasticity and mechanical
properties.