الفهرس 
الفصل الأول: مدخــل إلى الدراســــةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The visual disability is one of the types of sensory disability that has the greatest impact on the life of the blind because it imposes on him a kind of special environment that he finds difficult to treat, as well as the consequent disruption of his job performance, which negatively affects the mental, academic, social, emotional and kinetic aspects. His personality as a whole in terms of self-awareness and appreciation, self-confidence and ability to achieve, which leads to poor psychological and social compatibility. One of the most important factors that can help people with visual disabilities to adapt to the difficulties and pressures of life and to overcome them in a positive way is the resilience, which means “the process of good adjustment and positive confrontation of adversity, shocks and calamities or the normal psychological pressures faced by humans, such as family problems, problems of relationships with others, and problems Serious health, work pressures, and financial problems.” People with visual disabilities need to improve psychological compatibility, which means “a state of internal balance that makes the individual satisfied with himself and accepts it, with relative freedom from tensions and conflicts related to negative feelings and enables its owner to interact with reality.” And the environment in a proper way helps to achieve self and contribute to making disabled people more able to adapt to the disability or the accompanying feeling of inferiority.
study Problem:
The problem of the study stemmed from the researcher’s briefing on the results of previous studies and the researcher’s visit to Al-Nour School for the Blind in Beni Suef. The researcher noticed that adolescents with visual impairment suffer from different life problems and pressures, and they also face difficulty in solving problems, perseverance, loss of self-confidence, lack of flexibility, and difficulty Emotional management, tendency to isolate, weak social relationships as a result of their loss of sight, and the consequent inability to adapt well to the difficulties facing them, and the failure of some of them to accept their disability, all of this leads to poor psychological compatibility. This prompted the researcher to provide a counseling program for adolescents with visual disabilities to help them enhance the resilience and its impact on psychological compatibility.
Accordingly, the problem of the current study is to try to verify the effectiveness of a counseling program to enhance the resilience and its impact on the psychological compatibility of adolescents with visual disabilities.
from this main question, sub-questions arise.
1- What are the differences between the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement on the scale of resilience?
2- What is the difference between the experimental group in the pre and post measurements on the resilience scale?
3-What is the difference between the experimental group in the pre and follow-up measurements on the resilience scale?
4- What are the differences between the experimental and control groups in the post measurement on the psychological compatibility scale?
5-What is the difference between the experimental group in the tribal and numerical measurements on the compatibility scale?
6-What is the difference between the experimental group in the dimensional and dimensional measurements on the psychological compatibility scale?
Objectives of the study:
The current study aims to:
1- Verifying the effectiveness of a counseling program to enhance the resilience and its impact on the psychological compatibility of adolescents with visual impairment.
2- Identifying the extent to which the extension program continues to be effective after implementing the program during the follow-up period.
Importance of study:
The importance of the current study is evident in the following points.
Theoretical importance:
1- Providing a selective counseling program for those in charge of the educational process that contributes to providing psychological support to adolescents with visual disabilities to avoid and treat some of the behavioral, social, emotional and psychological problems they face.
2- Providing a theoretical framework for the resilience and psychological compatibility.
3- The importance of the study stems from the importance of the adolescence stage represented in middle and high school students for the visually impaired, which is an important, dangerous and sensitive stage with characteristics that require study and more understanding.
4- The importance of the study is to highlight the role of confrontational competence. A person with high confrontational competence can face problems in his life and is characterized by flexibility, perseverance and social interaction with others, as well as doing his best to accomplish the tasks assigned to him.
Practical importance:
1- Providing institutions that care for people with visual disabilities with a counseling program to enhance the resilience and its impact on the psychological compatibility of people with visual disabilities who are placed there.
2- The study presents a new tool for measuring the coping efficiency of visually impaired adolescents that is more appropriate for them and can be used in the field of future psychological and educational studies and research for the visually impaired.
3- The possibility of using this indicative program if its validity and feasibility are proven for many research and applied purposes on similar samples.
4- The practical use of the results of the study among those in charge of caring for adolescents with visual impairments.
Terminology of study:
1- The counseling Progrem.
2- Resilience.
3- Psychological compatibility.
4- Definition of visually impaired adolescents.
Study Approach :-
The current study relied on the experimental approach, due to its relevance to its nature and objectives, which aimed to verify the effectiveness of a counseling program to enhance the efficiency of confrontation and its impact on the psychological adjustment of adolescents with visual impairment. For the study variables, the counseling program represents the independent variable, while the resilience represents the first dependent variable, and psychological compatibility represents the second dependent variable.
Specifications of the search:
1- Spatial determinants: The research tools and the extension program were applied at Al Noor School for the Blind in Beni Suef Governorate, east of the Nile.
2- Temporal determinants: the study tools were applied for a period of two and a half months, with four sessions per week.
3- Human determinants: The study was conducted for a sample of (16) blind adolescents who were divided into two groups, one of them is experimental and numbering (8), and the other is control, numbering (8), whose ages ranged between (13-15) years, with an average age of (14.06) years, and a deviation Standard capacity (0.77).
Study tools:
To verify the validity of the hypotheses, the study used the following tools:
The measure of resilience (prepared by the researcher).
Psychological compatibility scale (Zainab Shukair numbers).
The counseling program (prepared by the researcher).
Study assignments:
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement on the scale of resilience in favor of the experimental group members.
2- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post measurements on the resilience scale in favor of the post measurement.
3- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post and follow-up measurements on the scale of resilience.
4- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental and control groups in the post measurement on the psychological compatibility scale in favor of the experimental group.
5- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post measurements on the psychological compatibility scale in favor of the post measurement.
6- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post and follow-up measurements on the psychological compatibility scale.
Statistical methods:
The appropriate non-parametric statistical methods were used to test the validity of the study’s hypotheses, which were:
1- Mann-Whitney test, and Z-value to test the significance of the differences for two independent samples, during equivalence between the experimental and control groups and in testing the validity of some hypotheses as well.
2- Willcoxon test and Z-value to test the significance of the differences for two related samples during testing the validity of the hypotheses.
3- Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
4- Arithmetic averages.
5- Standard deviations.
Study Results :
1- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement on the scale of resilience in favor of the experimental group members.
2- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post measurements on the resilience scale in favor of the post measurement.
3- There were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post and follow-up measurements on the confrontational efficiency scale.
4- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental and control groups in the post measurement on the psychological compatibility scale in favor of the experimental group.
5- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post measurements on the psychological compatibility scale in favor of the post measurement.
6- There are no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post and follow-up measurements on the psychological compatibility scale.