الفهرس 
Intramuscular ketamine as premedication in controlling emergence agitation with sevoflurane in paediatrics undergoing strabismus surgery
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Abstract
Background: Children undergoing strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia often experience Emergence Delirium (ED). This study compared the effects of preoperative ketamine, and placebo on postoperative ED . Objectives: {uF0B7} IS to compare the effect of I.M ketamine versus placebo in controlling Emergence Delirium with sevoflurane. {uF0B7} Exclude pain as a cause of agitation using CHEOPS pain scale . {uF0B7} Observing the patient for any Side effects & complications e.g (POV, delayed recovery, Hallucination) {uF0B7} Time to discharge from PACU starting after eye opening till fulfilling modified Aldrete score of {u2265} 9. Methods Results: Eighty-four children (aged 2-7 years) undergoing elective strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 42 each). Preoperative placebo or ketamine were administered then postoperative Agitation scores (Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium [PAED] scale) were assessed in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU). Pain scores and time to discharge from the PACU were also assessed. Conclusion: In conclusion, the administration of ketamine to children undergoing strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia resulted in a reduced incidence of EA and pain compared with placebo