الفهرس 
Molecular cytogenetics studies on some small ruminant breeds in North Africa
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Abstract
Standardized karyotyping by GTG- banding technique, physical chromosomemapping by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and molecular marker techniques (SCoT and AFLP)were utilized to characterize and study the genetic diversity among three Egyptian breeds of sheep (Barki, Rahmani and Ossimi) and betweentwo goat breeds (Zaraibi and Barki).Blood samples were collected from 15individuals from each breed of sheep, 16individuals from Zaraibi goat breed and 6 from the Barkigoat breed. G-banded chromosomesrevealed that the karyotype macrostructure was highly conserved and in considerable accordance to the standard karyotype of the Ovis ariesandCapra hircus, respectively. The chromosome diploid number was 54 (2n=54, XX / XY) and (2n=60, XX / XY) for sheep and goat, respectively. The karyotype formula was 2n, 54 = Lm6 + Ma22 + Sa24+ sex chromosomes and 2n, 60 = La22 + Ma14 + Sa22 + sex chromosomes for sheep and goat, respectively.FISH revealed that, in sheepthe two subtelomeric SSR sequences hybridized at6 different loci (1p37, 1p36 and 17q26 with the EPCDV008 probe) and (2q45, 4q22 and 24q24 with the EPCDV016 probe) in Barki, Rahmani and Ossimi, respectively. While, the two SPRN related specific DNA sequences hybridized at 3 different loci (22q24, 20q13and 20q13 with the OriaBAC273H7 probe) and (17q25, 22q24 and 20q13 with the OriaBAC265G4 probe)in Barki, Rahmani and Ossimi, respectively.In addition the two subtelomeric SSR probeshybridized to four different loci in goat.The EPCDV008 probe hybridized to chromosome 17q26 in Zaraibi and to 3q37 in Barki.While, the EPCDV016 probe hybridized to 2q45 and 6q22 in Zaraibi and Barki breeds, respectively. SCoT and AFLP markers, were employed to elucidate the genetic variability among breeds. SCoT markers analysis using 10 primers revealed a total of 139 amplicons across the 45 sheep individuals and 104 amplicons across the 22goat individuals.The average number of bands / primer was 13.9 in sheep and 10.4 for goat and the polymorphism ratewas 72.66% and 40.38 % for sheep and goat, respectively