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Abstract
The design of a tunnel in an urban area requires a proper estimate of the effect of tunnel construction on adjacent structures. Therefore, a 3D numerical modeling technique is necessary to understand the performance of shallow foundation during and after the construction of a nearby tunnel. A verification model has been used to validate the tunnel modeling and its output using field data measurements. The 3D model has been used to evaluate the performance of a raft foundation in the presence of a tunnel. In addition, the effect of related parameters such as; soil relative density, tunnel depth, horizontal clearance between the raft foundation and the tunnel, raft inclination and raft stiffness have been studied. The settlement of the raft, the induced bending moments and the raft twist during the process of tunnel advancement are presented. In addition, this study presents the simulation of tunneling process in a 2D finite element model. A comparison with the results of the 3D model is, also, illustrated