الفهرس 
Evaluation of antiviral and anticancer activity of garlic extract (s) through detection of MX and anticancer genes
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Abstract
Background: Garlic and allicin (an organosulfur compound of garlic) have been found to possess potent therapeutic effects including anticancer and antiviral potentials. Objective: In vitro evaluation of anticancer and antiviral activity of allicin and aqueous ethanolic garlic extract Method: Cytotoxicity of allicin and garlic extract on normal (Vero & WISH) and cancer (HepG2 & MCF-7) cell lines was measured by MTT assay. Components of aqueous-ethanolic garlic extract were identified using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS analysis. Anticancer activity of allicin and garlic compared to cisplatin were investigated through measuring the expression of BAX, P53 and BCL2 genes using real time RT-PCR. Non-cytotoxic concentration of allicin and garlic were evaluated for their antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus on normal cell lines by end-point method. In addition, the expression of antiviral marker MXA gene was detected by real time RT-PCR. Result: Garlicand allicin reduced the viability of cancer cells in dose dependent manner. The result of real time RT-PCR showed that BAX gene was up-regulated nearly by 3, 3.5 fold (cisplatin), 8.11, 7.2 fold (allicin) and 7, 5.98 fold (garlic), P53 gene was upregulated nearly by 3.83, 4.1 fold (Cisplatin), 7.61, 7.33 fold (allicin) and 6.05, 6.53 fold (garlic) on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. While BCL2 gene was downregulated nearly by 1.72, 2 fold (cisplatin), 3.33, 4.65 fold (allicin) and 2.82, 3.64 (garlic) on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. The antiviral marker MXA gene was also upregulated nearly by 6.02, 5.5 fold (allicin), 5.5, 5 fold (garlic) and 1.96, 1.8 fold (interferon) on Vero and on WISH cell lines, respectively. The result of end point method revealed that virus infectivity was reduced in the order of 41%, 43% (allicin), 33%, 28% (garlic) and 63%, 62% (interferon) on Vero and WISH cell lines, respectively. Conclusion: Allicin and garlic extract may induced the apoptosis of liver and breast cancer cell lines through increasing P53 and BAX genes expression and decreasing BCL2 gene expression. In addition, allicin and garlic extract may possess antiviral activity against VSV virus and through increasing the expression of MXA gene