الفهرس 
Evaluation of selected isokinetic parameters of shoulder joint in tennis elbow versus Golfer{u2019}s elbow
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Abstract
Background : The role of proximal stability of shoulder joint to enhance distal mobility of elbow and wrist joints minimizes risk of injury. This concept is used and recognized by all disciplines of rehabilitative medicine. Purpose: The current study was conducted to assess isokinetic peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) for shoulder extensors, abductors, external rotators in healthy athletes and non-healthy athletes with tennis elbow and golfer{u2019}s elbow. Functional performance and pain intensity were also compared between athletes with tennis elbow and athletes with golfer{u2019}s elbow. Methods: Thirty male athletes volunteered to participate in this study. They were equally subdivided into three groups of 10; group (A) suffered from tennis elbow, group (B) suffered from golfer{u2019}s elbow, and group (C) were healthy control group. Biodex System 3 Multi-Joint testing and rehabilitation was used to assess peak torque per body weight (PT/BW) ratio of dominant shoulder extensors, abductors, and external rotators as indicators for muscles{u2019} strengths using eccentric mode of muscle contraction at angular velocities of 60{u00B0}/sec and 120{u00B0}/sec. Additionally, normalized PT/BW ratios for shoulder flexors/extensors, abductors/adductors, and external rotators/internal rotators were measured using concentric/concentric mode of muscle contraction at angular velocities of 60{u00B0}/sec and 120{u00B0}/sec. Moreover, pain severity was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and functional performance was assessed using quick DASH questionnaire. Results: The results of 3x2 mixed design MANOVA revealed that there was a significant increase in the mean PT/BW values of all tested muscles{u2019} strengths and ratios (p < 0.05) except flexors/extensors{u2019} ratio (p > 0.05) in healthy control group compared with tennis elbow group at an angular velocity of 120{u00B0}/sec. Also, there was a significant increase in the mean PT/BW values of shoulder abductors and external rotators and flexors{u2019}/extensors{u2019} and external rotators{u2019}/internal rotators{u2019} PT/BW ratios in golfer{u2019}s elbow group compared with tennis elbow group at both angular velocities (p < 0.05)