الفهرس 
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Abstract
Quality control is defined as an accurate process used to get the measurements of desired quality. The concept of quality control is intended to examine and identify a genuine and right product by series of measures designed to avoid errors at varied stages in production. Pharmaceutical and food analysis plays a very outstanding role in the examination of food products and pharmaceutical formulations and bulk drugs regarding the quality control and assurance.
Rapid increase in food and pharmaceutical industries around the world bring forward a rise in inevitable demand to seek novel and systematic analytical techniques in such industries. Therefore, analytical method development has become the basic activity of analysis in a quality control laboratory.
Recently, electrochemical sensors have become one of the most economical analytical methods for quantification of different analytes. Several nano-materials show superior properties towards analytical applications as a result of enhancing the sensitivity and the selectivity of the analytical method. Such nanosensors can be used extensively in quality control, and in pharmaceutical and environmental analysis.
Among various nanomaterials, nano-carbons (including graphene; Gr) play an effective role in electrochemical sensors development because of its electrical conductivity, high surface area, crystalline surface, its mechanical properties, and loading capacity for drug and bio-molecules. Moreover, the Gr surface can easily be modified with different nanoparticles including metal oxides or metal nanoparticles (e.g., magnetite and deposited Pt nanoparticles in this work).