الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current study highlights how the reliance on FA rather than standard color images for DR assessment may affect the treatment costs in Egypt. The study also highlights the lack of utilization amongst ophthalmologists in Egypt of color fundus photography. This may impact the development of a national screening program, given the general worldwide use of CI for such endeavors and the poor feasibility of FA for mass screening efforts. Furthermore, if FA would be used in such a national program it might be associated with unnecessary referrals which may over-whelm the health care system. With artificial intelligence expected to be widely used in future DR screening programs, it is possible that adoption of AI approaches based on CI may be met with significant resistance in Egypt. Increased training and education regarding the use of CI as opposed to FA amongst practicing ophthalmologists may be needed to increase their confidence in that modality and help the establishment of successful screening initiatives.