الفهرس 
Introduction & Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Salmonella infections are severe and can be life-threatening. Most of these infections are zoonotic, transmitted from healthy animal carriers to humans through consumption of contaminated food. Most of Salmonella serotypes are pathogenic to the human. The infection with Salmonella in the human called salmonellosis which has common symptoms as abdominal pain, diarrhea, muscle pain, fever, Drowsiness, nausea and vomiting. Poultry and its products are major prevalent sources of non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in human. Out of 800 internal organs (heart, liver, intestine, and yolk sac.) were collected from 200 (diseased living poultry), 10 Salmonella isolates were identified after bacteriological isolation and biochemical examination. The types of Salmonella enterica serovars were as following: 2 for each of S. Grampian, S. Kentucky and S. Blegdam. 1 for each of S. Hadar, S. Anatum, S. Kirkee and S. Tranoroa. The result of this study shows poultry in examined area [from various farms in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt] were contaminated with Salmonella. Biochemical examination were negative for oxidase, urease, indole reaction, and reaction of Voges Proskauer, and positive for Methyl red test, Citrate utilization test and Lysine decarboxylation test. Typical Salmonella cultures have alkaline (red) slants and acid (yellow) butts, as well as gas generation (bubbles) and, in certain circumstances, hydrogen sulphide formation (blackening of the TSI agar). Regarding to the results of antibiotic sensitivity test, it showed that the highest resistance by 100% was to ampicillin, cefoxitin, cefpodoxime and oxacillin, 80% to cefotaxime, 70% to ceftazidime, 60% to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and naldixic acid and 50% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. After PCR and DNA sequencing we found that all isolates tested were negative for the qnrA and qnrB genes and positive for qnrS. Meanwhile, all isolates tested were positive for the ESBL, blaTEM and blaSHV genes but were negative for the blaCMY gene.