الفهرس 
. introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ornamental plants are an ideal way to create attractive and restful settings while improving our sense of well-being, whether inside facilities or in private or public gardens. In order to gain the confidence of global markets, it is necessary to identify the needs of these markets and the quality specifications required in the products exported to them, which were defined by the European Economic Community (EEC) in its laws issued in this regard, and these are the same standards that are used as basic items for quality in many The main international markets, especially the Aalsmeer market in the Netherlands. To reach these specifications, there are many environmental factors that must be met for the production of ornamental leafy plants, potted plants and cut flower plants, the most important of which are temperature, light, ventilation, relative humidity and others. In addition to agricultural operations during growth, the most important of which are irrigation, fertilization, breeding, pruning, and spraying with some nutrients and growth regulators and resistance to diseases and pests. Also, great attention is paid to the appropriate stage of picking, care for the rotation and cultivation of leafy plants, and the appropriate stage of flower picking to obtain the highest quality, which can be graded and packaged according to the export specifications required in international markets.