الفهرس 
Title : Evaluation of Remineralization of Grape Seed Extract versus Sodium Fluoride on demineralized Primary Anterior Teeth: An In-vitro study
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Abstract
Background and aims: Enhancing remineralization is the main goal of clinical prevention of caries lesion. The present in vitro study aimed to assess the remineralizing effect of grape seed extract (GSE) versus sodium fluoride on demineralized primary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was carried out on56 human sound primary anterior teeth (incisors and canines).Teeth fragments were divided into twogroups according to the following treatments: GSE (Grape seed extract) represented the case group; NaF (Sodium fluoride 1000 ppm) represented the control group.Teeth were subjected to six daily pH cycles for eight days.Within the daily cycling, the specimens were kept in buffered solution at 37{u00B0}C.The samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and a micro-hardness tester. Results: Data were analyzed. using Student’s t-test (p <0.001). The mean surface micro-hardness for GSE group was 40 (VHN) and for NaF group was 59.2 (VHN). Grape seed extract showed statistically significantly lower mean micro-hardness than Sodium Fluoride. Regarding enamel remineralization, the SEM data of the GSE treated group had revealed deposits of spherical insoluble complexes precipitation on the remineralized surface