الفهرس 
Title of the Thesis: Contextual Determinants of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Egypt: A Multilevel Approach
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Several studies have been carried out since the 1990{u2019}s on Hepatitis B and C viruses{u2019} situation in Egypt. Although those studies have contributed to shaping the public health policies adopted by the government to control the endemicity of HBV/HCV in Egypt, they were limited by focusing on the medical practices and transmission methods on the individual level. The current study provides a deeper understanding of HBV and HCV in Egypt through examining the contextual factors operating at the level of the household as well as area (location) of residence. A multilevel analysis is carried out using data from the 2015 Egypt Health Issues Survey, taking advantage of the complex patterns of its multistage sampling design. For each virus type, a set of four three-level logistic models is fitted. Measures of heterogeneity, such as intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and median odds ratio (MOR), are used to quantify the general contextual effects of household and location levels. Through combining these variance component measures (ICC and MOR) with measures of association, such as the odds ratios and the proportion of opposed odds ratios, a better understanding of the inequalities in HCV/HBV prevalence in Egypt is made possible