الفهرس 
Detailed demographic data of the recruitedOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A priori power analysis was performed using Gpower analysis software program (Version 3.1, Germany) (Faul et al., 2007) to test the difference between different groups using Mann-Whitney test, effect size d = 0.7), and an alpha of 0.05. Results showed that a total of 46 subjects in two equal sized groups was required to achieve a power of 0.81 Therefore, a total of 23 patients with AD and 23 age-matched non dementia controls were recruited from the Neurology and Geriatrics departments and health insurance sections, Al Mokattam Hospital in Cairo Alexandria University and health insurance Hospitals, Egypt, between January 2020 and February 2022. Patients with sporadic AD were diagnosed according to the 1984 National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, and the AD and Related Disorders Association criteria (McKhann et al., 1984). Subjects’ characteristics including gender, age, dementia risk factors, such as hypertension diabetes and dyslipidemia were determined using medical history assessments questionnaire, and blood tests for blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total triglycerides levels. Exclusion criteria included subjects suffering from cancer, severe cardiovascular, kidney, liver diseases, stroke and any neurological disorders that can interfere with AD, as epilepsy, Parkinsonism depression as well as central nervous systems diseases and infections Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale was used to assess the degree of cognitive status. All subjects recruited in the study received >9 years of education to avoid false positive MMSE results attributed to education of <9 years (Matthews et al., 2012; Pradier et al 2014; ElKholy et al., 2019). MMSE scale was used to assess the degree of cognitive status as follows: Normal 24, moderate dementia (MMSE scores ≤14) and severe dementia (MMSE scores <12) (EL Tallawy et al 2019). All detailed demographic data of recruited subjects are shown in Table 1. Written informed consents were obtained from all participants or their authorized caregivers prior to participation. The study was approved from the Ethics committee, Faculty of medicine, Alexandria University (Code: 0106390) and the Ethics Committee at College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (Code: MUST-BC-1). All study procedure was performed in accordance with the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki.