الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of work of the current study was to determine effects of intracameral dexamethasone on corneal endothelial cells during phacoemulsification. This comparative prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) was Conducted at Mansoura ophthalmie center, Mansoura University between Novamber 2020 and Novamber 2021. This study was being hold on 100 patients undergoing cataract extraction by phacoemulsification. Patients was divided into two groups: Group1: Study group patients undergoing cataract extraction by phacoemulsification and intracameral dexamethasone injection ,Group2: Control group patients undergoing cataract extraction by phacoemulsification without intracameral dexamethasone injection. In this study we excluded Patients having corneal pathology (eg, scars , opacifications, destrophy), Patients having previous history of intraocular surgery, Patients having glaucoma, Patients having intraocular inflammation, preoperative endothelial cell count less than 2000 cells/mm2, perioperative complications have been excluded from the study. After obtaining an informed written consent from the participants or the legal guardian, all cases were subjected to Ophthalmic examination including Visual acuity assessment using Landolt’s broken ring chart, Slit lamp examination of the anterior segment, measurement of intra ocular pressure using Applanation tonometry, fundus examination was done using 90D lens with slit lamp, direct or indirect ophthalmoscopy. Corneal endothelial evaluation using Tomy EM 3000 specular microscopy for Endothelial count and Corneal pachymetry. Biometry and IOLpower calculation.Keratometric reading using IOL master. A-scan ocular ultrasonography,measuring axial length and calculating IOL power.B-scan ocular ultrasonography,(to exclude posterior segment pathology in cases with dense nuclear cataract or dense posterior subcapsular cataract). The main results of the study revealed that: There was no statistical difference between the studied groups (Phaco and intracameral dexamethasone injection group and Phaco only group) as regard to gender, age and affected eye. Regarding to IOP, there was no statistically significant difference between the study groups preoperative and postoperative IOP. There was no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding CCT (Central Corneal Thickness) in preoperative as well as in all postoperative periods (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding endothelial cell count in preoperative as well as in all postoperative periods (P>0.05). Conclusions: This study concluded that there is no statistically significant difference between the study groups (phaco with intracameral dexamethasone injection group and phaco only group) regarding to preoperative and postoperative ECC and CCT .