الفهرس 
Review of literatureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 249 |  |  |
| | | from | 249 | | |
Abstract
Summary
The steps of study were conducted as following:
Two types of truffles, both premature and mature, were collected from Al-Hammam City in Marsa Matrouh in the Western Egyptian Desert (during January and March 2019)
In vitro:
Phenotypic characterization of white and brown truffles
Genotypic characterization for truffles (18S rRNA)
Constituent analysis for both type of desert truffles
Qualitative of some enzymatic activity of truffles
Protein profile of mature truffles
Antimicrobial activity of premature and mature truffles
TEM micrographs of pathogens
Antitumor activity of mature truffles
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of mature truffles using DPPH scavenging
In vitro antidiabetic activity of mature T. nivea and T. canerienasis
(α-Amylase inhibition)
Isolation, purification and characterization of culturable truffle -associated microbiota
16S r RNA identification of selected isolates.
Phenotypic characterization of fungal isolates.
Using bioinformatic analysis: phylogenetic tree and distance matrix, consensus, and SNP clustering analysis studied the correlation between truffles and identified bacterial isolates.
Statistical analysis
The results can be summarized in the following:
1. White and brown truffles were harvested by manual digging from Al-Hammam City in Marsa Matrouh in the Western Egyptian Desert (latitude 30°44’43.19”N and longitude 28°54’13.16” E).
2. By light microscope studied morphological characteristics
3. 18S rRNA performed for truffles and showed white and brown truffles showed 100% similarity with Tirmania nivea and Terfezia canerienasis, with accession numbers MZ361734 and MZ361733, respectively
4. Truffles have various nutritional valuable compounds as carbohydrate, proteins, fats, phenol, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponin.
5. T. canerienasis had number of protein bands higher than T. nivea, where total protein in T. canerienasis was 17 but T. nivea 9 bands.
6. Truffles had antimicrobial activity, they antibacterial were stronger than antifungal.
7. Truffle extracts affected on the cell division and reproduction confirmed by TEM micrographs.
8. T. nivea were stronger affect than T. canerienasis as anti-diabetic activity.
9. All truffle extracts mature had remarkable effect on human breast (MCF-7), hepatocellular (HepG-2) and prostate (PC-3) carcinoma.
10. T. canerienasis extracts were more effective than T. nivea extracts in the radical scavenging activity of DPPH.
11. SEM observations revealed the presence of bacterial cells widespread in the whole sporocarp.
12. Total aerobic bacteria in the premature truffles were higher than in the mature truffles.
13. The bacterial isolates which had the highest antimicrobial activity were further characterized biochemically and molecularly identified.
14. This analysis in fact showed that isolate B2 similarity with the Bacillus boroniphilus, B4 displayed similarity with Lactococcus lactis, B7 showed similarity with Bacillus Licheniformis, Isolate B8 allied to Bacillus haynesii, B11 showed similarity to Bacillus velezensis. The identified strain sequences were deposited in the GenBank under the accession numbers from MZ361726 to MZ361730, respectively.
15. Based on the morphological and microscopic characteristics,4 species were identified: Aspergillus terreus (F15), Aspergillus fumigatus (F19), Fusarium oxysporum (F31), and Aspergillus japonicus (F35).
16. According to consensus between T. nivea, T. canerienasis and identified bacterial isolates, some gaps have been shared across two or more sequences, while other gaps were unique to one gene compared to others.