الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of the study : This study aimed to study the effect of silver nanoparticles, benzyl adenine, chitosan and glycerol as solutions that preserved the reinforcement of water relations to delay wilting and yellowing of leaves to maintain quality and prolong their survival period after harvesting and study some chemical properties in addition to bacterial activity in the preservation solutions in both Nephrolepis exaltata, L. and Ruscus hypophyllum, L. plants. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of post-harvest studies for ornamental plants, department of Vegetables and Ornamental, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, during the 2019 and 2020 seasons.Experimental design:This experiment was conducted in a simple completely randomized design (CRD) where there were nine treatments, and each treatment contained three replicates and each replicate consisted of three cut stems.Treatments were as follows:(1) Control treatment.(2) Nano silver treatment 15 ppm.(3) Nano-silver treatment 20ppm.(4) Benzyl adenine 10ppm treatment(5) Benzyl adenine 20 ppm treatment.(6) Chitosan 0.5 g/L treatment.(7) Chitosan treatment 1.0 g/L(8) Glycerol treatment 1 cm/L.(9)Glycerol treatment 2 cm/L.Previous treatments were added to a solution consisting of sucrose 5 g/L+ citric acid 150 ppm + 0.5 ml of Tween 20 + pH 5.59 of the solution.Nano silver was prepared in the Central Laboratory for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (NAMCL), Agricultural Research Center, Giza , Egypt. Stems were harvested early in the morning and transported to the laboratory, cooled by placing them in cold water for 15 minutes, then 5 cm from the base of the stem were removed and the leaves of the lower third of the stem were removed. Then three stems were collected and placed in a graduated flask (100 ml) filled with prepared preservative solutions and left for the duration of the experiment in laboratory conditions (fluorescent light (1500 lux) - 22 ± 2°C -relative humidity 60 ± 5%).Results obtained in this study can be summarized as follows: First: Nephrolepis exaltata, L.1.Effect of preservative solutions on the shelf life period:Results showed that the shelf life period of Nephrolepis exaltata, L stems got the longest with glycerol at 2.0 cm/L and silver nanoparticles at 20ppm in both seasons.2.Effect of preservative solutions on the water relationships of cut Nephrolepis exaltata, L.Highest fresh weight percentage was in the two seasons with nano silver at 20 ppm. While, results gave the highest water uptake rate with silver nanoparticles at 15 ppm in the first season and silver nanoparticles at 20 ppm in the second season. The changes in the water loss showed that the highest water mloss was with benzyl adenine at 10 ppm in the first season and with glycerol at 1.0 cm/L in the second season. The best rates of water balance for both seasons were with nano silver at 15 ppm.3.Effect of preservative solutions on dry matter, chlorophyll (a and b) and total sugars of Nephrolepis exaltata, L.: Chlorophyll (a) with silver nanoparticles at 20 ppm were the best in both seasons. Best chlorophyll (b) content was with chitosan at 0.5 g/L in both seasons. While dry matter in Nephrolepis exaltata, L. was the best with chitosan at 1.0 g/L in both seasons. Considering the total sugar content, nano silver at 20 ppm were the maximum levels in both seasons.4.Effect of preservative solutions on bacterial growth in preservative solutions of Nephrolepis exaltata, L.:The lowest values for bacterial growth were obtained with the treatment of silver nanoparticles at 20 ppm and glycerol at 2.0 cm/L in both seasons. Second: Ruscus hypophyllum, L.: 1: Effect of preservative solutions on shelf life period:Longest shelf life period was obtained with nano-silver at 15ppm in both seasons.2.Effect of chemical preservative solutions on the water relationships of Ruscus hypophyllum, L.:The relative fresh weight percentages of Ruscus hypophyllum, L. showed the superiority with silver nano particles at 15 ppm in both seasons. As for water uptake, silver nanoparticles at 20 ppm gave the highest value in the first season, and benzyl adenine at 10 ppm was the best in the second season. Water loss in the two seasons, benzyl adenine at 10 ppm achieved the maximum rates. The changes in the water balance were the highest with silver nanoparticles at 15 ppm and at 20 ppm in both seasons.3.Effect of preservative solutions on dry matter, chlorophyll (a and b) and total sugars of Ruscus hypophyllum, L.:Highest rate of chlorophyll (a) was obtained with glycerol at 2.0 cm/l in both seasons. Chlorophyll (b) was the best with nano silver at 15 ppm in both seasons. Highest dry matter percentage with benzyl adenine at 10 ppm was the highest in both seasons. Results showed the highest in both seasons percentage of total sugars in Ruscus hypophyllum, L. with nano silver at 20 ppm.4.Effect of preservative solutions on bacterial growth in preservation solutions of Ruscus hypophyllum, L.:Microbial activity and growth in Ruscus hypophyllum, L. preservative solution showed the lowest values with nano silver treatment at 15 ppm in both seasons.”Conclusion” from the results of this study, it can be stated that:1)The keeping quality and extended the shelf life period after harvest the branches of Nephrolepis exaltata, L. treated with nano silver at 20 ppm in addition to sucrose 5 g/L + citric acid 150 ppm + 0.5 ml of Tween 20. Or treated with glycerol at 2.0 cm / l plus sucrose 5 g / l + citric acid 150 ppm + 0.5 ml of Tween 20.2)The keeping quality and extended the shelf life period after harvest the branches of Ruscus hypophyllum, L. treated with nano silver at 15 ppm in addition to sucrose 5 g/L + citric acid 150 ppm + 0.5 ml of Tween 20.