الفهرس 
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 195 |  |  |
| | | from | 195 | | |
Abstract
Globally, the population aged 65 and over is growing faster than all other age groups.(United nation 2020).By 2050, the world‘s population aged 60 years and older is predicted to succeed in a complete of 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015. Today, 125 million people are aged 80 years or older (World health organization, 2018).In keeping with data from World Population Prospects: the 2019 Revision, by 2050, one in six people within the world are going tobe over age 65 (16%),up from one in 11 in 2019 (9%) (United Nations Population Fund 2017)By 2050, 80% of all older people will live in low-and middle-income countries (Geriatric syndrome2007)
The aims of this study to assess knowledge and attitude of elderly regarding assistive devices and explore barriers that affecting utilization of assistive devices among studied elderly people.
Through:
• Assess knowledge of elderly regarding assistive devices.
• Assess attitude of elderly regarding assistive devices
• Assess barriers that affecting utilization of assistive devices among studied elderly people
• Assess relationship between elderly people total knowledge and attitude regarding their personnel characteristics.
Research question: -
1) What is the level of elderly’s people knowledge regarding assistive devices?
2) What is the level of elderly’s people attitude regarding assistive devices?
3) What are barriers affecting utilization of assistive devices among studied elderly people?
The subject and methods of the current study were discussed under the following four designs:
I. Technical Design
II. Operational Design
III. Administrative Design
IV. Statistical Design
I. Technical Design:
The technical design for the study included research design, setting of the study, study subjects, and tools of data collection.
Research design:
A descriptive research design was used to achieve the aim of the current study.
Settings:
The current study was conducted at outpatient clinics in Beni-Suef university hospital. Those clinics provide multispecialty health services and covers all Beni-Suef citizens.
Subjects:
A convenient sample of all elderly people (86) who attended the outpatient’s clinic in Beni-Suef university hospital who accepted to participate in the study.
Tools of data collection:
An interviewing questionnaire sheet was used to achieve the aim of the current study
Tool (1): Interviewing questionnaire sheet:
This tool was developed by researcher after reviewing the national and international related literature. It consists of four parts:
Part I: Socio-demographic characteristics:
This part aimed to collect data about elderly people’ socio- demographic characteristics that includes: age, gender, educational level, marital status, monthly income … etc.
Part II: Medical history for elderly people:
This part aimed to collect medical data about elderly people that includes: current home treatment, number of current used medications, level of dependency in performing activity of daily living … etc.
Part III: Effect of assistive devices on elderly people quality of life:
This part aimed to evaluate the effect of assistive devices on elderly people quality of life through providing a main 4 question regarding the different quality of life domains (physical, social, emotional and daily activities) and each elderly was asked to give the effect of assistive device on quality of life a score from (0-10).
Total score was calculated as:
0 No effect
1-3 Slightly affected
4-7 Moderately effect
8-10 Highly affected
Part IV: elderly people knowledge questionnaire sheet
This part aimed to collect data about elderly people’ knowledge about assistive devices. it consists of 5 main assistive devices related questions (e.g. definition and purpose of assistive
devices), each question has a number of correct answers, and the studied elderly people were asked to select the correct answer, and they were informed that they may choose more than one answer.
Scoring system:
Elderly people knowledge was asked to choose if the given answers were correct, or incorrect and elderly responses were scored as, 1 and 0 respectively. The scores of the items were summed up and the total divided by the number of items. These scores were converted to percent score.
Total scores of elderly people’ knowledge was considered
Satisfactory ---------total percent score is ≥ 60% of total knowledge score.
Unsatisfactory -------total percent score is < 60% of total knowledge score.
Tool (2): Elderly people’ attitude toward assistive devices
A three point Likert scales was used to evaluate the elderly people’ attitude toward assistive devices; it consists of 15 items.
Scoring system:
Elderly patient’s responses were in the form of three point Likert scale which ranged from agree, uncertain, and disagree, and
elderly people scores were scored as, 2, 1 and 0 respectively. The scores of the items were summed up and the total divided by the number of items, these scores were converted to percent score. Total scores of elderly people’ attitude was calculated as:
positive attitude-------- total percent score is ≥ 60% of total attitude score.
Negative attitude -----total percent score is ≥ 60% of total knowledge score.
Tools Validity:
Validity of the study tools was assessed by jury group consisted of three experts in nursing from faculties of nursing. Jury group members judged the study tools for comprehensiveness, accuracy and clarity in language. Based on their recommendations correction, addition and / or omission of some items were done.
Reliability:
The study tool was tested for its internal consistency using Cronbach’s Alpha. It was 0.762 for the study tool.
II: Operational Design:
The operational design for this study included three phases namely; preparatory phase, pilot study, and field work.
Preparatory phase:
This phase started with reviewing the current and past, national and international related literature concerning the subjects of the study, using textbooks, articles, journals, and websites. This review was helpful in reviewing and developing the data collection tools, and then the Researcher tested the validity of the tool through jury of expertise to test the content, knowledge, accuracy, and relevance of questions for tools.
Pilot study:
Pilot study was carried out on 10% of the total study sample (9 people) to evaluate the applicability, efficiency, clarity of tools, assessment of feasibility of field work, beside to detect any possible obstacles that might face the Researcher and interfere with data collection. Necessary modifications were done based on the pilot study findings such as (omission of some questions from tool) in order to strengthen their contents or for more simplicity and clarity. The pilot sample was excluded from the main study sample .
Field work:
Data collections of the study took four months. Data collection of the study was started at the beginning of December 2020, and completed by the end of March 2021. The Researcher attended the outpatient clinics in Beni-Suef university hospital. Three days per week from 9am to 2pm for elderly people.
The Researcher first explained the aim of the study to the elderly people and reassures them that the collected information was treated confidentiality and that it was used only for the purpose of the research. The Researcher met elderly people at Beni-Suef university hospital. Elderly people were completed tools about people’ knowledge and their attitude toward assistive devices and each elderly patient took from 30: 45 minutes for interviewing questionnaire sheet.
III- Administrative Design
An official letter requesting permission to conduct the study was directed from the dean of the faculty of nursing Beni-Suef University to Beni-Suef university hospital to obtain their approval to carry out this study. This letter included the aim the
study and photocopy from data collection tools in order to get their permission and help for collection of data.
Ethical Consideration:
Prior study conduction, ethical approval was obtained from the scientific research ethical committee of the faculty of nursing, Beni-Suef University. The researcher met director of Beni-Suef university hospital to clarify the aim of the study and take their approval. The researcher also met elderly people to explain the purpose of the study and obtain their approval to participate in the study. They were reassured about the anonymity and confidentiality of the collected data, which was used only for the purpose of scientific research. The subjects’ right to withdraw from the study at any time was assured.
IV- Statistical Design:
The collected data were coded and entered into the statistical package for the social science (SPSS 26.0). Data was presented and suitable analysis was done according to the type of data obtained for each parameter. Data were presented using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies and percentages
for categorical variables. Qualitative categorical variables were compared using Chi-square (X2) test but when the expected count is less than 5 in more than 20% of the cells; Person and spearman correlation was used to examine the correlation between quantitative variables. Statistical significance was considered when P-value < 0.05.
Result: The important findings that were obtained from the study and answer the research question can be summarized as the following;
- 50% of elderly people had ages ranged from 75 ≥ 85 yrs.
- the highest percentages 75.6%, 69.8% and 46.5% of the studied elderly people had diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and asthma respectively.
- 63.9% of elderly people were lived in home with family. 55.8% of elderly people had difficult to reach to medical health services
- 35.5 % of the studied elderly people utilized the assistive devices from more than 10 years ago.52.3%, 31.4% of them utilized two and three assistive devices. Furthermore 53.5% of them don’t check and maintain assistive device regularly.
- 73.3% of the studied elderly people had adequate level of total knowledge regarding the assistive devices
- 61.6% of the studied elderly people had a positive attitude regarding the assistive devices.
- (41.9% & 39.5%) of the elderly people agreed that using assistive device increases their self-confidence and they are able to use assistive device independently respectively.
- 51.1% & 41.9 % of the studied elderly people reported that utilizing assistive devices improve their self-care abilities, physical wellbeing and social wellbeing. On the other hand 57.0% and 50.0% of them reported that utilizing assistive devices moderately affected their daily activities and emotional wellbeing.