الفهرس 
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Abstract
Dental caries remains the most global widespread disease. To deal with dental
caries in a minimal invasive way, attempts were made to remineralize affected dentine to
improve its physical properties.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the reparative effect as well as the clinical, radiographic
and restoration success after applying Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate
(CPP-ACP) under glass ionomer restorations in primary teeth treated with Atraumatic
Restorative Treatment (ART).
Materials and methods: selection of 132 primary molars from patients attending the Pediatric
Dentistry clinic was done after they fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Casein Phosphopeptide
amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) was placed under the glass ionomer restoration in 66
teeth (group I), while glass ionomer was placed directly in the other 66 teeth (group II). Caries
affected dentine was preserved during the cavity preparation. The teeth were assessed clinically,
as well as assessed for restoration success at 1, 6 and 12 months. Radiographical success was
assessed at 6 and 12 months, whereas the radiographical density of the caries affected dentine was
assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months using the image J 1.52a software. Qualitative histological
description was done in 20 of the exfoliated teeth by polarized light microscope (PLM) as well as
scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Results: No significant differences were shown between the 2 groups after 1, 6 and 12 months
when comparing the clinical success and as well as the success of the restoration between the 2
groups. No significant difference between the 2 groups was recorded also according to the
radiographical success at 6 and 12 months. However, a statistically significant difference was
recorded between the 2 groups only at 12 months when comparing the radiographic densities, where
the test group showed increased mean value than the control group at this specific follow up period.
Also, histological description of the test samples using the PLM and the SEM showed greater
remineralization than the control samples.
Conclusions: The use of CPP-ACP before applying RMGI restorations in primary teeth proved to
be a successful technique in class I ART restorations, allowing for rapid repair of CAD in primary
molars.