الفهرس 
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Abstract
A plant experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm and Laboratory of Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt during the 2019 and 2020 successive growing seasons. The study was carried out to define the efficiency of various biofertilizers Minia Azotein (MA), Frankia and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, each alone or combined with two doses of chemical fertilizer NPK at 75% and 50% from the recommended dose (300:200:100 kg/ fed) and/or the full dose of 100% NPK for improving some vegetative characteristics i.e. plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, biomass fresh and dry weights, root growth characteristics i.e. root length, root fresh and dry weights , some chemical characteristics i.e. photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a,b and carotenoids), Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and carbohydrates of Casuarina equistifolia seedling grown in sandy soil and improving soil macronutrient’s content N, P and K,
from the results, it is recommended to fertilize Casuarina equistifolia seedling grown in sandy soil with 7