الفهرس 
1- INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study carried out at Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria University during the two winter seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021.
The main objective was to employ barley genome as a sensitive monitor for
damage induced by environmental pollution with heavy metals in Egyptian north coast. Six locations at North coast region were selected, these locations were, EL-Dabba, Ras ELHkima, Marsa Matrouh, El-Ngeilla, El-Masani and Control. The cultivar used in this study
was Geza 126.
5-1 Evaluation of grain yield and agronomic characters:
The most important results obtained from the present investigation could be summarized as follows:
1. The total soluble salts of soil samples at the different locations were calculated, and also the trace and heavy metals in soil and plant. Concentration of total soluble salts and it were high in EL-Dabba, Ras EL-Hkima and El- Masani than the other locations, El-Ngeilla, Marsa Matrouh and the control.
2. Concentration of trace elements, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn and heavy metals Ni and Pb were higher in plant than soil.
3. There is significant difference in grain yield and the other agronomic characters between different locations in both seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021.
4. El-Ngeilla, Marsa Matrouh and the control locations produce higher grain yield compared with EL-Dabba, Ras EL-Hkima and El- Masai locations in both seasons.
5. EL-Dabba location produce 2.988 ardeb per feddan while El-Ngeilla location
produce 4.963 ardeb per feddan.
6. El-Ngeilla location was significantly superior about another locations in grain yield character, but no significant difference between Marsa Matrouh and control location
in season 2019/2020.
7. In 2020/2021 season El-Ngeilla location was significantly superior about other locations and it produce high grain yield 4.625 ardeb per feddan, while El-Dabba location produced lowest grain yield 2.700 ardeb per feddan and no significant difference between Marsa Matrouh and the control in grain yield character.
8. El-Ngeilla, Marsa Matrouh and the control locations gave highest value for plant height compared with the other locations in both seasons. El Nigella location gave 82.50 and 72.50 Cm in both seasons, respectively. While El-Dabba location gave 32.50 and 27.25Cm in both seasons, respectively.
9. EL-Dabba, RasEL-Hkima and El- Masai locations gave lowest value for number of tillers per plant, spike length and number of spikes per plant characters, while El Ngeilla, Marsa Matrouh and the control locations gave highest value for these characters.
10. El-Ngeilla, Marsa Matrouh and the control locations gave highest value for 100-kernel weight compared with the other locations, El-Ngeilla location gave 3.400 and 3.225 gm for 100 kernel weight in both seasons, respectively, while El- Dabba location gave 2.375 and 2.250 gm for 100- kernel weight in both seasons, respectively.50
11. Grain yield and agronomic characters were higher in the first growth season
2019/2020 compared with these characters in the second season 2020/2021 due to
amount of rainfall was higher in the first season than the second season.
5-2 chromosome Aberration:
1. The obtained results indicated that concentrations of trace and heavy metals in plant were higher than soil.
2. Concentration of trace and heavy metals were higher in El Dabba, Ras El-Hkima and El Masani than El Nigella, Marsa Matrouh and control locations.
3. There is high ratio from chromosome aberration in locations which contain high concentration from heavy metals than the other locations which contain low concentration from heavy metals such as (lagging chromosome, stickiness, bridge, two nuclease and large nuclei.
4. There is high chromosome aberration in all locations compared with the control.
5. However, barley showed that it is an excellent genome for discover pollution, since chromosome number is low 14.