الفهرس 
A pharmacognostical study of cuphea ignea A. DC. family
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Abstract
Cuphea is the largest genus of family Lythraceae with about 260 species of herbaceous perennials and small shrubs. It is distributed from North America in Western and Southern Mexico to South America in Eastern Brazil. Some Cuphea members are widely used in the traditional herbal medicine in treatment of arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. Cuphea ignea A. DC. is an ornamental shrub native to Mexico and West Indies. The plant is widely grown in the Egyptian gardens and streets for ornamental purposes. Macro- and micromorphological studies were done for the different plant parts. Phytochemical study of the leaves, stems and flowers was performed including preliminary phytochemical screening, investigation of the volatile constituents using headspace solid-phase microextraction analysis, quantitative estimation of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS analysis of the secondary metabolites. A biologically-guided study of the in vitro antihypertensive activity was done on the leaves, stems and flowers together with the fractions of the leaves and the stems and revealed the potent inhibition activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves and the methylene chloride fraction of the stems against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and renin enzyme. Chemical investigation of the two active fractions led to the isolation of six compounds which are quercetin, gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-Ü-rhamnopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-Ü-rhamnopyranoside, 3,4,3{u2032}-tri-O-methyl ellagic acid and Ý-sitosterol-3-O-Ý-D-glucoside. ACE and renin inhibition activities of the isolated compounds showed their high potency which was correlated with the activity of their fractions