الفهرس 
Experimental study on evaluation of the efficiency of metallic nanoparticles and essential oil nanoemulsions in disinfection of microbial deterioration of historical parchment applying on a selected object /
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Abstract
Parchment was used as a writing material and as a support for many forms of art works from about 200 BC until late medieval times, when it was supplanted by paper. Biodeterioration is an important factor impairing aesthetic, functional and other properties of parchment. It takes place particularly under condition of high relative humidity that enables bacteria, actinomycetes or fungi to grow. Many chemical and physical methodologies have been applied in order to protect different art forms from microbial deterioration but most of them had some disadvantages. For instance some of them are toxic and restricted in some countries; others induce change of color or reduction of tensile properties of treated objects. So we thought to utilize nanotechnology in this side as some nanomaterials proved their effect as antimicrobial agents in several fields of life such as medicine and food industry also there are some applications in the field of conservation of historical materials in consolidation, deacidification or self-cleaning. There are also limited numbers of researches about the possibility of using these nanomaterials in disinfection of biodeteriorated museum artifacts and historical objects