الفهرس 
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Abstract
This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of CAD-assisted mock-ups fabricated with different digital workflows, in relation to the original 3D Digital Smile Design.
Materials and Methods: 3D Digital Smile Design was done on Exocad then used to fabricate mock-ups with different digital workflows.
The additively and subtractively manufactured mock-ups were fabricated directly from the STL file of the digital smile design. While the additively manufactured index required the designing of an index on Exocad, then the 3D printing of the STL file, followed by the injection of bis-acryl composite into the index and fitting it onto the preoperative model for mock-up moulding. The last group, consisted of the 3D printing of models with the 3D DSD, followed by the fabrication of a conventional silicone index on top of each model. The silicone index was then filled with bis-acryl composite and fitted onto the pre-operative model for mock-up moulding.
The produced mock-ups were then compared to the reference 3D DSD through: 3D surface-to-surface comparison using Geomagic Control X reverse engineering software, 2D digital linear measurements on Geomagic Control X software, and 2D analogue measurements using a digital caliper. Specific linear measurements were applied; upper left central incisor height, upper left central incisor width and inter-canine width.
Statistical analysis was performed, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test proved significant difference between the mock-ups produced with a completely digital workflow and the mock-up techniques in need of Bis-acryl composite.
Results: the 3D surface-to-surface comparison denoted that the highest deviation from the reference DSD was in the additively manufactured index group, followed by the silicone index group, while the subtractively and additively manufactured mock-ups groups showed the least deviation to the reference DSD with insignificant different between the groups. Regarding the 2D linear measurements, the digital measurements showed that the highest deviation value of all measurements from the reference DSD was found in the additive index group, followed by the silicone index group. The subtractive and additive manufacturing groups showed lower deviation values with insignificant difference between the two groups. The 2D analogue linear measurements of height and width of upper left central incisor showed the highest deviation value from reference DSD in the additive index group, while the highest deviation value of the inter-canine width was in the silicone index group. The subtractive and additive manufacturing group also showed the lowest values of deviation with insignificant difference between the two groups.