الفهرس 
PATHWAYS OF BONE DEVELOPMENT:
Blood supply must be sufficient for nourishmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the medical field that direct functional tissues to repair and replace damaged or malfunctioning tissues and organs1. Bone regeneration is a well-orchestrated series of biological events of Bone induction and conduction by a number of cell types, intracellular and extracellular molecular signaling pathways, with a definable temporal and spatial sequence to optimize skeletal repair and restore skeletal function2. The goal of bone tissue engineering is to create bone grafts that enhance bone repair following trauma, infection or neo-plasm and for developmental abnormalities these procedures represent a challenge in maxillomandibular complex surgery3. The most common form of bone regeneration is fracture healing where the pathway of normal fetal skeletogenesis, including intramembranous and endochondral ossification occurs 4. Unlike other tissues, the majority of bony injuries heal without the formation of scar tissue, and bone is regenerated with its pre-existing properties, and with the newly formed bone being eventually indistinguishable from the adjacent healthy bone5. However, “critically-sized” defect is regarded as one that would not heal spontaneously despite surgical stabilization and requires further surgical intervention for complete normal healing such as using graft material.